Justice Counts Metrics
Our mission is clear: Justice Counts is all about putting essential data in the hands of decision-makers to empower informed decisions across the nation.
Our cutting-edge metrics are the key. They provide both decision-makers and the public with unprecedented, real insights into their criminal justice system—insights that have historically been out of reach.
The metrics are designed to be:
Simple
These metrics capture vital data points while gracefully accommodating the diverse data practices and quality across agencies. We cut through the complexity.
Feasible
They rely on data that agencies already collect, making sharing effortless. No matter the starting point, we make it work.
Effective
Our metrics are a game-changer. They are crystal clear, providing decision-makers and agency leaders with the knowledge they need to make informed decisions. They reveal trends, offer structured guidance, and pave the way for agencies to share data and compare and contrast their progress.
Tier 1 Metrics were released in May of 2022 and are being piloted by hundreds of criminal justice agencies across the country. These metrics are a powerhouse, structured across 7 sectors and 6 categories, offering both a panoramic view of essential measures and a comprehensive examination of each sector.
Tier 2 Metrics build on the foundation of Tier 1 to create a more expansive picture of the entire criminal justice system. Tier 2 was released in January of 2025. Technical Implementation Guides are in development for these metrics, and implementation will begin later this year.
Justice Counts conducted a 44-day public feedback period in early summer 2024. Feedback yielded useful suggestions on ways to increase feasibility of the metrics to aid implementation and to make the resulting data more useful for agencies, policymakers, and the public. Analysis of this feedback yielded:
- 141 recommendations for changes or additions to the proposed slate of Tier 2 Metrics;
- 48 notes for consideration by the metrics committees;
- 95 referrals to the technical implementation committees to consider when crafting definitions and breakdowns for the proposed slate of Tier 2 Metrics;
- 38 referrals to the metrics committee to consider during the Tier 1 review/revision process;
- 8 referrals to the national steering committee; and
- 166 feedback points that did not require action.
As a result of this public feedback, the metrics committees implemented 53 new metrics, revised 38 existing metrics, and added 40 new filters.
Click any cell below for more information about these metrics and additional breakdowns, or download metrics PDFs here.
| Sector |
Capacity & CostsDefinition: Capacity and Costs metrics measure the resources going into a sector and the expenditure of those resources. What it helps decision-makers and the public consider:
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Population MovementsDefinition: Population Movement metrics measure entrances and exits from each sector of the system, the severity of behavior and response associated with those movements, and the length of stay in each sector. What it helps decision-makers and the public consider:
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Operations & DynamicsDefinition: Operations and Dynamics metrics measure strategies and tactics that the criminal justice system uses to hold people accountable for negative behavior and to encourage positive behavior. What it helps decision-makers and the public consider:
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Public SafetyDefinition: Public Safety metrics measure crime, victimization, and safety in communities and correctional settings. What it helps decision-makers and the public consider:
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DemographicsDefinition: Equity metrics measure whether the criminal justice system treats people the same regardless of race, ethnicity, and gender What it helps decision-makers and the public consider:
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Fairness*Definition: Fairness metrics measure how the criminal justice system meets its obligations and maintains legitimacy and trust. What it helps decision-makers and the public consider:
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Law EnforcementThough crime reduction and use of force are two important dimensions of policing, a complete understanding of the quality of law enforcement requires looking at all policing functions. In addition to protection and enforcement, police are also tasked with crime prevention, establishing community relationships, resolving disputes, and assisting individuals in need, among many other functions. Investments in law enforcement, including budget, recruitment, equipment, and training, along with department policies and community relations, also help shape the context in which police activity takes place. Therefore, efforts to measure police performance in a holistic way may wish to account for some of these less obvious but resource-intensive and necessary aspects of policing. |
Law Enforcement: Capacity & CostsTier 1 Funding (filter: by source) Expenses (filter: by type) Staff (filter: by staff type) Staff by Race and Ethnicity The categories and descriptions below are based on race and ethnicity definitions in U.S. Census Bureau – About the Topic of Race. For race and ethnicity metrics, the data shared should be categorized by the distinct combination of race and ethnicity as seen in the table below. It is possible that a single metric could have up to 24 unique racial and ethnic combinations. But, during onboarding, agencies will specify which of the combinations of race and ethnicity are available to be shared from their data systems.
Staff by Gender (no filter) Justice Counts currently uses biological sex (male, female, unknown) in lieu of gender identity. Justice Counts is working to determine the best way to account for gender identity through this initiative. More information is forthcoming. Tier 2 Staff by Age (no filter) Staff by Tenure (no filter) Sworn Officer and Recruit Retention (filter: by turnover reason) (filter: by time employed) (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Hours of Training Provided (filter: by training type) Officers Fluent in a Second Language (filter: by language spoken) Staff Salaries (filter: by staff type) Sworn Officer Educational Attainment (filter: by education level attained) |
Law Enforcement: Population MovementsTier 1 Calls for Service (filter: by call type) Tier 2 Mental Health/Substance Use Crisis Calls for Service (filter: by types of responses |
Law Enforcement: Operations & DynamicsTier 1 Arrests (filter: by call type) Tier 2 Officer-Initiated Stops (filter: by stop reason) (filter: by outcome type) Deflection and Pre-Arrest Diversions (filter: by diversion type) (filter: by offense type) |
Law Enforcement: Public SafetyTier 1 Reported Crime (filter: by offense type) Use of Force Incidents (filter: by type of force) Tier 2 Deaths of People in Police Custody (filter: by cause of death) (filter: by age) Officer Deaths (filter: by cause of death) People Sustaining Non-Fatal Injuries (filter: by role of person injured) (filter: by person who caused the injury) Outstanding Warrants (filter: by crime type) (filter: by age of warrant) (filter: by reason for warrant) Clearance of Reported Crimes (filter: by offense type) Seizures (filter: by seizure type) |
Law Enforcement: DemographicsTier 1 Arrests (filter: by race and ethnicity) Justice Counts follows federal guidance on data for race and ethnicity, treating them as distinct traits (i.e., a person has both a race and an ethnicity, and one does not necessarily dictate the other). For more information on how the federal government, including the U.S. Census Bureau, categorizes race and ethnicity, see Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity, U.S. Census Bureau Guidance on the Presentation and Comparison of Race and Hispanic Origin Data, and About the Hispanic Population and its Origin. The categories and descriptions below are based on race and ethnicity definitions in U.S. Census Bureau – About the Topic of Race. For race and ethnicity metrics, the data shared should be categorized by the distinct combination of race and ethnicity as seen in the table below. It is possible that a single metric could have up to 24 unique racial and ethnic combinations. But, during onboarding, agencies will specify which of the combinations of race and ethnicity are available to be shared from their data systems.
Arrests (filter: by biological sex or gender) 1. Male Biological Sex; 2. Female Biological Sex; 3. Unknown Biological Sex Justice Counts currently uses biological sex (male, female, unknown) in lieu of gender identity. Justice Counts is working to determine the best way to account for gender identity through this initiative. More information is forthcoming. Tier 2 Deflection and Pre-Arrest Diversions (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Seizures (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Deaths of People in Police Custody (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Officer-Initiated Stops (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) |
Law Enforcement: FairnessTier 1 Civilian Complaints Sustained (filter: by complaint type) Tier 2 Use of Force Investigations (filter: by source of complaint) (filter: by oversight body) Officers Sanctioned for Findings of Misconduct (filter: by sanction type) |
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ProsecutionProsecutors can advance both public safety and equitable treatment under the law. The work of prosecutors has a significant impact on all parties in a case, from expert witnesses and people who have been victimized, to individuals charged. Prosecutors must be able to effectively balance the demands of each case with the needs of the court and the community and require proper resources to do so. |
Prosecution: Capacity & CostsTier 1 Funding (filter: by source) Expenses (filter: by type) Staff (filter: by staff type) Caseload (filter: by type) Tier 2 Staff by Race and Ethnicity (no filter) Staff by Gender (no filter) Staff by Age (no filter) Staff by Tenure (no filter) Staff Attrition (filter: by time employed) (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Staff Salaries (filter: by staff type) Victim Advocate Caseload (no filter) |
Prosecution: Population MovementsTier 1 Cases Referred (filter: by case type) Cases Declined (filter: by case type) Cases Diverted/Deferred (filter: by case type) Cases Prosecuted (filter: by case type) Tier 2 Sentence Recommendations (filter: by offense type) Cases with Probable Cause Finding (filter: by offense type) |
Prosecution: Operations & DynamicsTier 1 Cases Disposed (filter: by disposition type) Tier 2 Pretrial Release Recommendations Accepted by the Court (filter: by release type) Diversion Program Offered (filter: by type) Diversion Program Completions (filter: by success status) Cases Resulting in Conviction (filter: by offense type) Cases Filed Resulting in an Acquittal (filter: by offense type) Cases Disposed with Reduced Charges (filter: to be determined) |
Prosecution: Public SafetyTier 1 No Tier 1 Metric Tier 2 New Case for Person with Previous Convictions (filter: by new offense type) Non-Fatal Shooting Cases Referred (filter: by victim engagement) Homicide Filing Rate (filter: to be determined) |
Prosecution: DemographicsTier 1 Cases Declined (filter: by race and ethnicity) The categories and descriptions below are based on race and ethnicity definitions in U.S. Census Bureau – About the Topic of Race. For race and ethnicity metrics, the data shared should be categorized by the distinct combination of race and ethnicity as seen in the table below. It is possible that a single metric could have up to 24 unique racial and ethnic combinations. But, during onboarding, agencies will specify which of the combinations of race and ethnicity are available to be shared from their data systems.
Cases Declined (filter: by biological sex or gender) Justice Counts currently uses biological sex (male, female, unknown) in lieu of gender identity. Justice Counts is working to determine the best way to account for gender identity through this initiative. More information is forthcoming. Cases Diverted/Deferred (filter: by race and ethnicity) The categories and descriptions below are based on race and ethnicity definitions in U.S. Census Bureau – About the Topic of Race. For race and ethnicity metrics, the data shared should be categorized by the distinct combination of race and ethnicity as seen in the table below. It is possible that a single metric could have up to 24 unique racial and ethnic combinations. But, during onboarding, agencies will specify which of the combinations of race and ethnicity are available to be shared from their data systems.
Cases Diverted/Deferred (filter: by biological sex or gender) Cases Prosecuted (filter: by race and ethnicity) The categories and descriptions below are based on race and ethnicity definitions in U.S. Census Bureau – About the Topic of Race. For race and ethnicity metrics, the data shared should be categorized by the distinct combination of race and ethnicity as seen in the table below. It is possible that a single metric could have up to 24 unique racial and ethnic combinations. But, during onboarding, agencies will specify which of the combinations of race and ethnicity are available to be shared from their data systems.
Cases Prosecuted (filter: by biological sex or gender) Justice Counts currently uses biological sex (male, female, unknown) in lieu of gender identity. Justice Counts is working to determine the best way to account for gender identity through this initiative. More information is forthcoming. Tier 2 Diversion Program Offered (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Diversion Program Completions (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Cases Disposed with Reduced Charges (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Non-Fatal Shooting Cases Referred (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) |
Prosecution: FairnessTier 1 Violations Filed Resulting in Discipline (no filter) Tier 2 Restitution Orders Requested (filter: by source) Cases Reversed Due to Prosecutorial Misconduct (filter: by violation type) |
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DefenseDefense counsel fulfills an important role in upholding the constitutional right to representation entitled to all Americans who are charged with a crime. This responsibility requires access to counsel who can provide representation, support services, and investigative resources. Effective representation requires appropriate resources and an understanding of the flow and timeline of cases through a jurisdiction and to defense providers. Measuring the caseload and capacity of defense is needed to inform policy and resource decisions. |
Defense: Capacity & CostsTier 1 Funding (filter: by source) Expenses (filter: by type) Staff (filter: by staff type) Caseload (filter: by type) Tier 2 Staff by Race and Ethnicity (no filter) Staff by Gender (no filter) Staff by Age (no filter) Staff by Tenure (no filter) Staff Attrition (filter: by time employed) (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Staff Salaries (filter: by staff type) Client Contacts (filter: by case milestone) (filter: by contact type) Support Staff Caseload (filter: by staff type) |
Defense: Population MovementsTier 1 Cases Appointed Counsel (filter: by case type) Tier 2 Termination of Counsel (filter: by stage of proceeding) (filter: by termination reason) Clients with Language Access Needs (filter: by language need) Client Release Conditions (filter: by condition type) |
Defense: Operations & DynamicsTier 1 Cases Disposed (filter: by disposition type) Tier 2 Investigation before Case Resolution (filter: by resolution type) (filter: by offense type) Time to Case Disposition (filter: by disposition type) (filter: by offense type) Cases Appointed Counsel (filter: by time by offense type) Cases Involving a Request for Expert Consultant (filter: by expertise requested) (filter: by request outcome) Time from Counsel Appointment to Initial Meeting (filter: by offense type) Discovery Received (filter: by case milestone) |
Defense: Public SafetyTier 1 No Tier 1 Metric Tier 2 No Tier 2 Metric |
Defense: DemographicsTier 1 Cases Disposed (filter: by race and ethnicity) Justice Counts follows federal guidance on data for race and ethnicity, treating them as distinct traits (i.e., a person has both a race and an ethnicity, and one does not necessarily dictate the other). For more information on how the federal government, including the U.S. Census Bureau, categorizes race and ethnicity, see Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity, U.S. Census Bureau Guidance on the Presentation and Comparison of Race and Hispanic Origin Data, and About the Hispanic Population and its Origin. The categories and descriptions below are based on race and ethnicity definitions in U.S. Census Bureau – About the Topic of Race. For race and ethnicity metrics, the data shared should be categorized by the distinct combination of race and ethnicity as seen in the table below. It is possible that a single metric could have up to 24 unique racial and ethnic combinations. But, during onboarding, agencies will specify which of the combinations of race and ethnicity are available to be shared from their data systems.
Cases Disposed (filter: by biological sex or gender) Justice Counts currently uses biological sex (male, female, unknown) in lieu of gender identity. Justice Counts is working to determine the best way to account for gender identity through this initiative. More information is forthcoming. Tier 2 Investigation before Case Resolution (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Cases Appointed Counsel (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Termination of Counsel (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Time to Disposition (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) |
Defense: FairnessTier 1 Client Complaints Sustained (no filter) Tier 2 Cases Appointed Counsel (filter: by time to appointment) Costs Imposed on People Charged (filter: by cost type) Probable Cause Challenges Resulting in Dismissal (filter: by case type) Motions Filed and Granted to Exclude Evidence (no filter) Cases Successfully Appealed (filter: by reason for appeal) |
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Courts & PretrialAt the county level, courts are the centralized authority on case processing and law enforcement. These institutions are tasked with handling and tracking all criminal charges filed against an individual, whether resolved by dismissal or acquittal or conviction by plea or trial. The secure and accurate processing of details related to these charges is necessary, as the courts are often also tasked with forwarding information about a case to other system actors. Courts must also manage critical data related to an individual’s prior criminal and release history for appropriate risk assessments and ensure fair access to justice. |
Courts & Pretrial: Capacity & CostsTier 1 Funding (filter: by source) Expenses (filter: by type) Staff (filter: by staff type) Tier 2 Staff by Race and Ethnicity** (no filter) Staff by Gender** (no filter) Staff by Age** (no filter) Staff by Tenure** (no filter) Staff Attrition (filter: by time employed) (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Staff Salaries (filter: by staff type) Caseload (filter: by staff type) **Shared only for courts where data is not identifying of court personnel. |
Courts & Pretrial: Population MovementsTier 1 Criminal Case Filings (filter: by case type) Tier 2 Failures to Appear (filter: by offense type) (filter: by reminder notification type) (filter: by warrant issued) (filter: by enrollment in pretrial services by type) Case Clearance (filter: by offense type) (filter: by sentence imposed) Individuals Charged with Language Access Needs (filter: by language need) Waivers of Counsel before Arraignment (filter: by offense type) |
Courts & Pretrial: Operations & DynamicsTier 1 Pretrial Releases (filter: by release type) Cases Disposed (filter: by disposition type) Sentences Imposed (filter: by sentence type) Tier 2 Diversion Program Enrollment (filter: by program type) Diversion Program Completions (filter: by program type) (filter: by disenrollment type) Incarceration Sentence Length (filter: by offense type) (filter: by representation type) Changes in Release Status (filter: by change type) Continuances (filter: by reason) (filter: by custody status) (filter: by request origin) Cases Disposed with Reduced Charges (filter: by representation type) |
Courts & Pretrial: Public SafetyTier 1 New Offenses While on Pretrial Release (no filter) Tier 2 Orders of Protection Filed (filter: by outcome) |
Courts & Pretrial: DemographicsTier 1 Sentences Imposed (filter: by race and ethnicity) The categories and descriptions below are based on race and ethnicity definitions in U.S. Census Bureau – About the Topic of Race. For race and ethnicity metrics, the data shared should be categorized by the distinct combination of race and ethnicity as seen in the table below. It is possible that a single metric could have up to 24 unique racial and ethnic combinations. But, during onboarding, agencies will specify which of the combinations of race and ethnicity are available to be shared from their data systems.
Sentences Imposed (filter: by biological sex or gender) Justice Counts currently uses biological sex (male, female, unknown) in lieu of gender identity. Justice Counts is working to determine the best way to account for gender identity through this initiative. More information is forthcoming. Tier 2 Failures to Appear (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Diversion Program Enrollment (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Diversion Program Completions (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Cases Disposed with Reduced Charges (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Individual Perception of Fairness and Justice (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) |
Courts & Pretrial: FairnessTier 1 No Tier 1 Metric Tier 2 Number of Appearances (filter: by offense type) (filter: by appearance outcome) (filter: by custody status) Time to Disposition (filter: by offense type) (filter: by disposition type) (filter: by custody status) Age of Case (filter: by offense type) (filter: by custody status) Individual Perception of Fairness and Justice (filter: by role of respondent) (filter: by representation type) |
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JailsJail populations include individuals who are awaiting trial, who have been convicted and are serving a short sentence, and who may be awaiting placement elsewhere. There are more than 3,000 jails in the United States, and it is difficult for decision-makers to find population statistics for their local jail with any regularity or accuracy. For decision-makers to ensure that jails are properly resourced for occupants and employees, it is necessary to understand the population and staffing dynamics as well as how effectively jails adhere to their policies and procedures. |
Jails: Capacity & CostsTier 1 Funding (filter: by source) Expenses (filter: by type) Staff (filter: by staff type) Tier 2 Staff by Race and Ethnicity (no filter) Staff by Gender (no filter) Staff by Age (no filter) Staff by Tenure (no filter) Staff Attrition (filter: by time employed) (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Overtime Hours (filter: by staff type) Hours of Training Provided (filter: by training type) |
Jails: Population MovementsTier 1 Admissions – Pre-adjudication, Post-adjudication, Total (filter: by offense type) Daily Population – Pre-adjudication, Post-adjudication, Total (filter: by offense type) Pre-adjudication Releases (filter: by type) Post-adjudication Releases (filter: by type) Total Releases (no filter) Tier 2 Length of Stay – Pre-adjudication, Post-adjudication, Total (filter: by new offense type) (filter: by time to pretrial milestones) Daily Population in Restrictive Housing – Pre-adjudication, Post-adjudication, Total |
Jails: Operations & DynamicsTier 1 No Tier 1 Metric Tier 2 Length of Stay in Restrictive Housing (filter: by restriction type) Access to Health Care Services (filter: by service type) Reentry Needs at Release (filter: by needs type) Program Enrollment (filter: by program type) Program Completions (filter: by program type) (filter: by disenrollment type) Needs Identified at Admission Screening (filter: by needs type) |
Jails: Public SafetyTier 1 Use of Force Incidents (no filter) Readmissions (no filter) Tier 2 Deaths of People in Custody (filter: by cause) (filter: by age) People Sustaining Non-Fatal Injuries (filter: by cause) (filter: by role of person injured) Deaths of Staff on the Job (filter: by cause) (filter: by staff type) (filter: by age) Misconduct (filter: by misconduct type) (filter: by sanction type) Participation in Staff Wellness Offerings (filter: by resource type) |
Jails: DemographicsTier 1 Daily Population (filter: by race and ethnicity) Justice Counts follows federal guidance on data for race and ethnicity, treating them as distinct traits (i.e., a person has both a race and an ethnicity, and one does not necessarily dictate the other). For more information on how the federal government, including the U.S. Census Bureau, categorizes race and ethnicity, see Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity, U.S. Census Bureau Guidance on the Presentation and Comparison of Race and Hispanic Origin Data, and About the Hispanic Population and its Origin. The categories and descriptions below are based on race and ethnicity definitions in U.S. Census Bureau – About the Topic of Race. For race and ethnicity metrics, the data shared should be categorized by the distinct combination of race and ethnicity as seen in the table below. It is possible that a single metric could have up to 24 unique racial and ethnic combinations. But, during onboarding, agencies will specify which of the combinations of race and ethnicity are available to be shared from their data systems.
Daily Population (filter: by biological sex or gender) Justice Counts currently uses biological sex (male, female, unknown) in lieu of gender identity. Justice Counts is working to determine the best way to account for gender identity through this initiative. More information is forthcoming. Tier 2 Daily Population in Restrictive Housing (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Program Enrollment (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Program Completions (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Deaths of People in Custody (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) |
Jails: FairnessTier 1 Grievances Upheld (filter: by grievance type) Tier 2 Victim Notifications (filter: by notification type) Time Out of Cell (filter: by security level) People Receiving Visitation (filter: by visit type) |
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PrisonsPeople who are incarcerated in a state correctional facility need access to programming, health care, and appropriate measures to ensure safety. Transparency in prison data may include information related to the capacity of institutions, sentencing practices and guidelines set forth by the state, and the availability and quality of rehabilitative resources for people in custody. Most people in state custody will eventually return to their communities. Therefore, tracking effective reentry services and resulting recidivism rates for these individuals will improve decision-making for agency leaders, service providers, and policymakers. |
Prisons: Capacity & CostsTier 1 Funding (filter: by source) Expenses (filter: by type) Staff (filter: by staff type) Tier 2 Staff by Race and Ethnicity (no filter) Staff by Gender (no filter) Staff by Age (no filter) Staff by Tenure (no filter) Staff Attrition (filter: by time employed) (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Overtime Hours (filter: by staff type) |
Prisons: Population MovementsTier 1 Admissions (filter: by offense type) Daily Population (filter: by offense type) Releases (filter: by type) Tier 2 Length of Stay (filter: by new offense type) Daily Population in Restrictive Housing (filter: by restriction type) |
Prisons: Operations & DynamicsTier 1 No Tier 1 Metric Tier 2 Length of Stay in Restrictive Housing (filter: by restriction type) Access to Health Care Services (filter: by service type) Reentry Needs at Release (filter: by needs type) Program Enrollment (filter: by program type) Program Completions (filter: by program type) (filter: by disenrollment type) Needs Identified at Admission Screening (filter: by need type) Parole Hearings (filter: by outcome) |
Prisons: Public SafetyTier 1 Use of Force Incidents (no filter) Readmissions (filter: by type) Tier 2 Deaths of People in Custody (filter: by cause) (filter: by age) People Sustaining Non-Fatal Injuries (filter: by cause) (filter: by role of person injured) (filter: by role of person causing the injury) Deaths of Staff on the Job (filter: by cause) (filter: by staff type) (filter: by age) Misconduct (filter: by misconduct type) (filter: by sanction type) |
Prisons: DemographicsTier 1 Daily Population (filter: by race and ethnicity) The categories and descriptions below are based on race and ethnicity definitions in U.S. Census Bureau – About the Topic of Race. For race and ethnicity metrics, the data shared should be categorized by the distinct combination of race and ethnicity as seen in the table below. It is possible that a single metric could have up to 24 unique racial and ethnic combinations. But, during onboarding, agencies will specify which of the combinations of race and ethnicity are available to be shared from their data systems.
Daily Population (filter: by biological sex or gender) Justice Counts currently uses biological sex (male, female, unknown) in lieu of gender identity. Justice Counts is working to determine the best way to account for gender identity through this initiative. More information is forthcoming. Tier 2 Daily Population in Restrictive Housing (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Program Enrollment (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Program Completions (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Deaths of People in Custody (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) |
Prisons: FairnessTier 1 Grievances Upheld (filter: by grievance type) Tier 2 Victim Notifications (filter: by notification type) Time Out of Cell (filter: by security level) People Receiving Visitation (filter: by visit type) |
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Community SupervisionCommunity supervision usually encompasses probation and parole and is overseen by state and local governments or court jurisdictions. People serving on community supervision are subject to any number of standard and special conditions. To improve decision-making, data efforts may focus on felony and misdemeanor placements to parole and probation, caseload management, reasons for revocation, and staffing allocations for managing people on supervision. |
Community Supervision: Capacity & CostsTier 1 Funding (filter: by source) Expenses (filter: by type) Staff (filter: by staff type) Caseload (no filter) Tier 2 Staff by Race and Ethnicity (no filter) Staff by Gender (no filter) Staff by Age (no filter) Staff by Tenure (no filter) Staff Attrition (filter: by time employed) (filter: by attrition reason) (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Hours of Training Provided (filter: by training type) |
Community Supervision: Population MovementsTier 1 New Cases (filter: by offense type) Daily Population (filter: by offense type) Discharges (filter: by type) Tier 2 Length of Supervision Sentence (filter: by new offense type) Daily Population on Specialized Caseloads (filter: by caseload type) |
Community Supervision: Operations & DynamicsTier 1 Violations (filter: by violation type) Revocations (filter: by revocation type) Tier 2 Violations before Revocation (filter: by violation type) People on Supervision Referred for Programs (filter: by risk level) (filter: by risk assessment domain) Program Enrollment (filter: by program type) Program Completions (filter: by program type) (filter: by disenrollment type) Post-Supervision Plans Completed (filter: by activity type) People on Supervision with a Case Plan (filter: by risk level) People with Assessed Needs Referred to Services While Under Supervision (filter: by assessed needs) Sanctions Applied (filter: by sanction type) Incentives Applied (filter: by incentive type) |
Community Supervision: Public SafetyTier 1 Reconvictions (no filter) Tier 2 Daily Population with Protective Factors (filter: by factor type) People on Supervision Assessed for Risk and Needs (filter: by assessed risk level) (filter: by risk assessment domain) Contacts Completed Monthly (filter: by assessed risk level) (filter: by contact type) |
Community Supervision: DemographicsTier 1 Daily Population (filter: by race and ethnicity) The categories and descriptions below are based on race and ethnicity definitions in U.S. Census Bureau – About the Topic of Race. For race and ethnicity metrics, the data shared should be categorized by the distinct combination of race and ethnicity as seen in the table below. It is possible that a single metric could have up to 24 unique racial and ethnic combinations. But, during onboarding, agencies will specify which of the combinations of race and ethnicity are available to be shared from their data systems.
Daily Population (filter: by biological sex or gender) Justice Counts currently uses biological sex (male, female, unknown) in lieu of gender identity. Justice Counts is working to determine the best way to account for gender identity through this initiative. More information is forthcoming. Tier 2 Program Enrollment (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Program Completions (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) Length of Supervision Sentence (filter: by race and ethnicity) (filter: by gender) |
Community Supervision: FairnessTier 1 No Tier 1 Metric Tier 2 Early Termination Requests Denied (filter: by denial type) Corrective Action Taken for Staff Misconduct (filter: by action type) People on Supervision with Housing Restrictions (filter: by restriction reason) Cost Imposed on Person Being Supervised (filter: by type of cost) |
*Many factors can lead to a complaint, grievance, or appeal that are not related to fairness. The existence of these processes reflects a functioning system.
